Gary Hunt | Dec 21, 2014 12:56AM ET
The US Energy Information Administration’s latest Short-Term Energy Outlook , forecasts that Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) member countries not counting Iran will experience oil export revenue 14% lower at year-end 2014 compared to a year ago. That is $700 billion left in the pockets of oil consumers over the last year.
If you are a filling your gas tank you are cheering. But this is the worst OPEC performance since 2010 not just because oil prices declined but because demand for oil was down and OPEC just sold less of it. The forecast from US EIA does not get better for 2015 with its estimate that oil prices will average only $68 over the next year. OPEC members will lose another $446 billion.
As if this pain is not enough, low oil prices also cause collateral damage to both OPEC members and other nations trapped in the volatility of the market. Here are examples of collateral damage at work:
So how long with this last?
After the November 27th OPEC meeting where Saudi Arabia said it would hold production at the current level of 30 billion barrels per day the spin on the story was the cause was that oil demand had fallen below supply levels. What we soon learned was that actual OPEC supply levels were even high—600,000 barrels a day higher meaning the OPEC members were in ‘business as usual’ mode—they cheated! Next we heard that Saudi Arabia decided to hold production steady because it did not want to lose market share to the United States from growing oil production.
The official story from OPEC is that we should get used to low oil prices because they will be around for a long time. That view coincided with U.S. EIA’s December 12th drilling report that US crude oil production is projected to average 9.3 million b/d in 2015, up 700,000 from 2014 but 200,000 less than projected. Moreover, the biggest producing basins, Bakken, Eagle Ford, Niobrara and Permian Basin, are expected to continue drilling in part due to hedges that provide coverage for falling prices down to about $87 per barrel.
Other producers began to cut back on drilling plans for 2015 and new drilling permits were down in the last month in North Dakota suggesting the impact of low oil prices is still rippling through the market. Goldman (NYSE:GS) piled on with a forecast released November 27th the same day at the OPEC meeting projecting that WTI would average $70 to $75 per barrel and Brent, will average $80 to $85 in London. It said it expected rig rates to fall by 20%. January 15th futures contracts for WTI fell to $55 and Brent to $59.
Collateral damage, the ugly twin sister of volatility seemed to be doing a good job of spreading the pain. The market reaction then seemed to look for the food fight ahead. Was Saudi Arabia taking on the US shale revolution and imposing lower prices to break the back of US production growth? Is this a game of OPEC chicken with the US?
While the geopolitical intrigue at work certainly includes the US-Saudi relationship, but the answer of why this and why now is more complicated.
For much of OPEC and the non-OPEC oil producing nations, low oil prices are a disaster. Holding OPEC production levels at a higher level than market demand may be a deliberate strategy by Saudi Arabia to discipline the cheaters among OPEC members from taking its market share. It may be designed to force a change in the negotiations between Iran and the US and EU over Iran’s nuclear program if the Saudi’s fear that Team Obama is about to give away the store to the mullahs leaving Saudi Arabia vulnerable. We will know soon, but if it turns out the real reason for the Saudi action is any of these factors it will be an enormous price to pay for pique!
Saudi Arabia may be demonstrating that OPEC still matters. Why? Because it knows it cannot stop the US shale revolution. The Americans are going to overtake the Saudi’s as the largest oil producer in the world. America’s proved reserves are growing and don’t yet count the hard to get at resources. America is earning the clout to become the world’s swing oil producer and thus the arbiter of price. The Saudi’s may slow it and frustrate it but they cannot stop it. And nothing will ever be the same after that happens.
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