Rising Global Recession Fears
James Picerno | Sep 15, 2015 07:42AM ET
Last week’s latest survey data via the JP Morgan Global All-Industry Output Index. The benchmark held steady at 53.7 last month, signaling a modest rate of growth and still comfortably above the neutral 50.0 mark that separates expansion from contraction. Buiter’s forecast is effectively a warning that this index may slip closer to the neutral 50 mark if not fall below it in the months ahead.
A contraction in the future is certainly a possibility. That’s partly because of the weakness in manufacturing overall, as the JP Morgan figures show, with quite a lot of the softness concentrated in emerging markets—China, in particular.
By contrast, the services sector overall is still humming along at a relatively healthy and stable pace of growth. As such, the question is whether the global trend can turn negative without substantial deterioration in services activity? Then again, is the generally upbeat numbers on services in most countries about to hit a wall? No sign of that yet.
As usual, the current outlook depends on the source of the prediction. Berenberg’s current global GDP estimate (Sep. 9) , for example, suggests that the developed world’s growth will offset the weakness in emerging markets, delivering a slight uptick in growth next year: 2.6% vs. this year’s estimated 2.4% rise. Take note that this forecast from the German bank is based on current exchange rates rather than purchasing power parity (PPP) estimates, which “give more weight to fast-growing emerging markets and inflate global GDP,” Berenberg notes.
Nonetheless, there’s growing concern that growth will disappoint going forward. Financial markets are effectively forecasting just that. For some countries, the jig is already up—Brazil’s ugly recession is a leading example, although at the moment few analysts expect anything worse than slower growth for China.
That’s a reminder that some of the recent worries over the world’s second-largest economy are confusing contraction with slower growth. China’s “losing momentum,” Berenberg notes, although it still looks like a “gradual slowdown,” the bank “as China matures and
experiments with more market-based policies” and deploys various policy measures to keep a steep decline at bay. As such, “no hard landing despite serious temporary wobbles” is expected at this point.
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Granted, China’s transitioning from 7%-plus year-over-year growth to something slower isn’t going to be easy when so much investment has been predicated on a stronger expansion. But for the moment, it’s not yet clear if markets are suffering from a bout of managing expectations down vs. preparing for a global recession.
In any case, the truth will out, one way or the other, perhaps in the data releases over the next several weeks. Meantime, it’s premature to assume that we’re at the point of no return for global economic output. Macro risk is higher, but assuming the worst is still missing a key ingredient: hard data.
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