Oil Price Rally: How Far Can It Go?

 | Jan 19, 2018 04:48AM ET


With the ongoing tensions in Iran, and production cuts by the OPEC, there has been no shortage of reasons for the oil prices to push higher. It was seen touching $64.86 levels up by almost 8.65% in the last one month. The rather dormant asset for most of last year has been seen gaining momentum and touching the 2014 levels this month.

There’s no shortage of opinions on which way oil will go next, and consensus remains elusive. However the key factors affecting the oil prices undoubtedly remain:

Fundamentals

OPEC Production Cut:
The OPEC meeting on the 30th of November announced the extension in the production cuts until the end of 2018. On January 21, 2018, OPEC and non-OPEC producers’ meeting will be held in Oman. With the financial institutions increasing their forecast for the Brent prices the main focus of the meeting would be a smooth exit from the ongoing production cut. Any positive news about higher compliance might support oil prices. However, any negative news of unexpected exit plans might pressure oil prices.

Production:
The surge in U. S. production has stalled at least temporarily as the icy winter weather in North America has shut down some facilities. However, most analysts still expect U. S. production to break through 10 million bpd soon. The higher the prices go, the higher the initiative for the US shale producers to pump harder. This would which then lead to an oversupply, potentially risking the oil rally.

Geopolitical issues:
Recent changes in the dynamics of Yemen's civil conflict widely seen as a proxy war between rivals Saudi Arabia and Iran are making it very hard to predict what could happen next in the Middle East. Production is falling fast in Venezuela, the outages in the North Sea in December tightened supplies a bit, and uncertainty over what to expect from the Washington-Tehran confrontation is helping to push up oil.

Global Demand:
A buoyant global economy has bolstered demand, meaning prices could go higher still. OPEC sees demand growing at a brisk 1.5 mb/d in 2018. However demand from countries like China and the United States is still integral to keeping prices from dropping. With these nations on the path of increasing their annual refining capacity, a downturn could also be expected.


The prices are expected to sustain above $60 per barrel and if the global economic recovery remains upeat the prices are expected to reach 75 plus levels. Sustained higher oil prices would mean a significant difference in EM foreign exchange, with upside risks to EM rates. The varying impact on trade positions could create more challenges to net importers of oil while benefiting net exporters. Other risks to be considered are potentially higher rates, the negative impact to growth, and the implications for EM credit.

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