Gold Unleashed By Fed

 | Sep 25, 2016 01:54AM ET

Gold surged sharply this week after the Yellen Fed yet again chickened out on raising its benchmark interest rate. Gold-futures speculators’ irrational fear of Fed rate hikes has been a major drag on gold. And rate-hike risks just plummeted in the coming months, since the Fed can’t risk acting heading into this year’s critical US presidential election. So gold’s next major upleg was likely just unleashed by the Fed.

Oddly, Wall Street’s expectations for a rate hike at this week’s latest meeting of the US Federal Reserve’s Federal Open Market Committee were surprisingly high. The interest-rate target directly controlled by the FOMC is the federal-funds rate. Commercial banks are required to hold reserves at the Fed. They lend these reserves to other banks overnight in the federal-funds market, at the FOMC’s federal-funds rate.

This market is so important that federal-funds futures contracts trade on the CME. No one has more knowledge about federal funds than the hedgers and speculators trading in this market. Parsing their collective bets yields the implied odds of Fed rate hikes, which the CME conveniently calculates and summarizes in real-time with its FedWatch Tool. It revealed this week’s rate-hike expectations were totally wrong.

On Tuesday’s close before this latest Wednesday FOMC meeting, these futures-implied rate-hike odds were running just 18%. Thus any hike would have been a big surprise for the markets, almost certainly igniting a major stock-market selloff. Historically the FOMC hasn’t hiked before these odds are running 70%+. That only happens after top FOMC officials have spent months warning of an impending rate hike.

Before the Fed’s first rate hike in 9.5 years last December, these futures-implied rate-hike odds were way up near 80%! So it was strange to see many economists and analysts ignore federal-funds futures in expecting a probable rate hike this week. Given their strong gold buying after the Fed did nothing for the umpteenth time, futures speculators obviously also believed this week’s rate-hike risks were higher.

Even more perplexing, these American gold-futures traders who dominate short-term gold price action have long believed Fed rate hikes are gold’s nemesis. Gold-futures trading is exceedingly risky, so only elite and sophisticated traders participate in this market. At $1350 per ounce, each 100-ounce futures contract controls $135,000 worth of gold. Yet the maintenance margin required to trade it is merely $5400!

So the maximum leverage available in gold futures now is 25.0x, vastly higher than the decades-old legal limit in the stock markets of 2.0x. At 25x, a mere 4% adverse move in the gold price would wipe out 100% of the capital risked by a fully-margined trader! So you’d think that these guys would take the time to seriously study gold’s historical price action and drivers before taking such outlandish risks betting on it.

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Historically gold actually thrives during Fed-rate-hike cycles! As I pointed out in depth last December just days before that first Fed rate hike in 9.5 years, Fed-rate-hike cycles are actually very bullish for gold. There have been 11 since 1971, and gold’s average gain across the exact spans of all was way up at +26.9%. Gold rallied in a majority 6 of these 11 Fed-rate-hike cycles, enjoying huge average gains of +61.0%!

And in the other 5 where gold retreated, its average loss was an asymmetrically-small 13.9% over their exact spans. The lower gold’s price entering Fed-rate-hike cycles, and the more gradual their hiking pace, the better gold performs as the Fed forces interest rates higher. So this newest Fed-rate-hike cycle couldn’t be any more bullish for gold. Gold entered it at major secular lows, and it is the most gradual ever.

Even if the goofy gold-futures speculators can’t be bothered to spend a day digging into gold’s historical price action during Fed-rate-hike cycles, they should consider the last one. Between June 2004 to June 2006, the FOMC more than quintupled its FFR to 5.25% through 17 consecutive rate hikes totaling 425 basis points. Surely that slaughtered gold, right? Nope. Over that exact span, gold still powered 49.6% higher!

So this popular belief in recent years that Fed rate hikes are going to crush gold is ridiculous, a totally-false myth. Yet gold-futures speculators still hang on every word from the FOMC and its top officials. Whenever the Fed does something hawkish or jawbones about it, gold-futures speculators flee in terror. Conversely when the Fed is perceived as more dovish, these traders rush to buy gold just like we saw this week.

Gold-futures speculators chaining themselves to the Fed is readily evident in this gold chart of the past couple years or so. American futures speculators’ total long contracts, upside bets on gold, and short contracts per the CFTC’s weekly Commitments of Traders reports are also included. This year’s young new gold bull has been heavily influenced by how futures traders perceive the Fed’s stance on rate hikes.