ASML: Love the Company, Hate the Stock

 | Sep 14, 2023 08:51AM ET

The bedrock of the modern economy is the microchip. There is at least one in nearly everything that uses electricity to function. From cars and mobile phones to washing machines and airplanes. Microchips, also known as semiconductors, power the world. Another area where microchips are vitally important is modern warfare. This makes ASML Holding (NASDAQ:ASML) the most important company in the world.

There are several microchip manufacturing companies. There is Samsung in South Korea, TSMC in Taiwan, as well as Intel (NASDAQ:INTC) and Texas Instruments (NASDAQ:TXN) in the USA. They all produce chips at their own foundries, also known as fabs. But the machines they use to produce the chips are manufactured by only one company and that is the Dutch ASML.

The technology that makes all cutting-edge chips, and therefore modern lifestyle possible, is called extreme ultraviolet lithography. A single EUV lithography machine costs north of $200 million. It relies on a supply chain of over 800 other companies to deliver hundreds of thousands of parts from all across the globe. Many of these companies exist because of only one customer – ASML.

The complexity of both the technology and the supply chain gives ASML a strong competitive advantage. The time and cost it would take a competitor to replicate the entire process of making a single EUV lithography machine creates very high barriers to entry. That’s why ASML is expected to remain a monopoly for at least the next couple of decades.

The company’s monopoly position in the growing semiconductor industry allows it to post very attractive financial results. Its sales have been steadily growing year in and year out, accompanied by high-profit margins and a strong net cash position. The stock price has been closely following the trajectory of the business, climbing 36-fold from its bottom at $16.42 in 2008.

It is safe to say that ASML is truly an exceptional, one-of-a-kind company. Investors, smart enough to recognize this fact early enough, have been generously rewarded. On the other hand, the ones, who only recently found out about it, not so much.