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U.S. labor market tightening; autos weigh on manufacturing

Published 08/17/2017, 12:14 PM
Updated 08/17/2017, 12:14 PM
© Reuters. FILE PHOTO: People wait in line to attend TechFair LA, a technology job fair, in Los Angeles

© Reuters. FILE PHOTO: People wait in line to attend TechFair LA, a technology job fair, in Los Angeles

By Lucia Mutikani

WASHINGTON (Reuters) - The number of Americans filing for unemployment benefits fell to near a six-month low last week, pointing to a further tightening in the labor market that could encourage the Federal Reserve to lay out a plan to start unwinding its massive bond portfolio.

A weakening automobile sector is, however, adding a wrinkle to an otherwise brightening economic picture. Other data on Thursday showed manufacturing output fell in July as motor vehicle production tumbled. Auto manufacturers are cutting back production amid weak sales that have created an inventory glut.

"Today's data were constructive towards our expectation of another robust rise in real GDP growth in the third quarter and further labor market improvement," said Dana Peterson, an economist at Citigroup (NYSE:C) in New York. "The readings support our conjecture that low inflation notwithstanding, the conditions for the Fed to announce balance sheet unwind are ripe."

Initial claims for state unemployment benefits dropped 12,000 to a seasonally adjusted 232,000 for the week ended Aug. 12, the Labor Department said. That was the lowest level since the week ended Feb. 25 when claims fell to 227,000, which was the best reading since March 1973.

Claims have now been below 300,000, a threshold associated with a robust labor market, for 128 weeks. That is the longest such stretch since 1970, when the labor market was smaller. The unemployment rate is 4.3 percent.

The four-week moving average of claims, considered a better measure of labor market trends as it irons out week-to-week volatility, fell 500 to 240,500 last week.

Labor market strength was corroborated by a survey from the Philadelphia Fed showing manufacturers in the mid-Atlantic region sharply increased hours for workers in August amid a jump in new orders and unfilled orders.

Job market buoyancy is probably sufficient for the Fed to outline a proposal to begin offloading its $4.2 trillion portfolio of Treasury bonds and mortgage-backed securities at its next policy meeting in September.

Concerns about persistently low inflation could, however, prompt the U.S. central bank to delay increasing interest rates until December. Minutes of the Fed's July 25-26 policy meeting published on Wednesday showed policymakers appeared increasingly cautious about weak inflation, with some urging against further rate hikes.

The Fed has increased borrowing costs twice this year.

The dollar (DXY) was steady against a basket of currencies in midday trading, while prices of U.S. Treasuries rose marginally. U.S. stocks fell as investors worried about President Donald Trump's ability to pursue his pro-growth economic policies.

Trump on Wednesday disbanded two high-profile business advisory councils after a number of chief executives quit in protest over his remarks blaming violence in Virginia last weekend on anti-racism activists as well as white nationalists.

LABOR MARKET STRENGTH Last week's claims data covered the survey week for the August nonfarm payrolls. The four-week average of claims fell 3,500 between the July and August survey periods, suggesting another month of solid job growth.

Payrolls increased by 209,000 jobs in July. The economy has added 1.29 million jobs this year and the unemployment rate has fallen five-tenths of a percentage point.

In a second report on Thursday, the Fed said manufacturing output edged down 0.1 percent in July as the production of motor vehicles and parts tumbled 3.6 percent. Manufacturing output increased 0.2 percent in June.

The drop in motor vehicle production, the third straight monthly decline, came after a sharp slowdown in sales. U.S. auto sales peaked in December 2016 at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of just over 18 million vehicles, according to data from WardsAuto. The annual sales rate had slumped to around 16.7 million vehicles as of July.

Excluding motor vehicles, manufacturing output increased 0.2 percent in July. The sector accounts for 12 percent of the U.S. economy.

"The manufacturing rebound continues to blossom, but the motor vehicle sector is not going to share in the gains until the middle of 2018," said Michael Montgomery, an economist at IHS Markit in Lexington, Massachusetts.

The outlook for manufacturing is encouraging. While a third report from the Philadelphia Fed showed its index of factory activity in the mid-Atlantic region slipped to 18.9 this month from 19.5 in July, manufacturers reported robust demand for their products.

The survey's measure of new orders surged to 20.4 from 2.1 in July. Firms also reported that shipments continued to rise.

As a result, workers put in more hours. The average workweek index increased to 18.8 in August from 3.8 in the prior month.

© Reuters. FILE PHOTO: People wait in line to attend TechFair LA, a technology job fair, in Los Angeles

A survey this week from the New York Fed also painted an upbeat picture of manufacturing conditions in New York state.

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